On Thursday morning, participants met to discuss innovative instruments to upscale progress: financing, technologies and research. Parallel sessions addressed: public and private international finance; innovative technologies for land-use monitoring; financial instruments to mobilize domestic funding; and the role of science and research.

In the afternoon, plenary discussed a series of key messages, including:

- maintaining sufficient productive, diverse and healthy forests is crucial for achieving the SDGs, and climate and biodiversity targets;

- achieving SDG 15.2 on halting deforestation by 2020 and Target 1.1 of the UN Strategic Plan for Forests on reversing the loss of forest cover and increasing forest areas by 3% worldwide by 2030 can only be achieved through political will, individual motivation and concerted collective action, adequate governance frameworks and involvement of multiple actors;

- halting deforestation requires corporate responsibility of agribusiness, supported by international trade instruments and consumer education;

- scaling up finance and investment requires positive incentives, improved legality, public-private partnerships, innovative instruments and de-risking private sector investment;

- land-use competition between forests and agriculture can be solved by a landscape approach to increase resilience; and

- expanded research is required to provide practical pathways that support the development of evidence-based policies.

Some participants urged limiting the number of key messages to four, while others made suggestions for additions and revisions, including on: the urgency of addressing deforestation; focus on restoration; the contribution of indigenous and tribal peoples; triggers of transformational change; involvement of smallholders; and focus on actionable recommendations to target groups such as governments, the private sector, civil society, and the research community.

Plenary then addressed the Co-Chairs’ summary of the parallel thematic sessions. Participants suggested additions, including on: certification; action by governments to regulate agribusiness; the need for tenure reform; review of agricultural subsidies; forest-related education, vocational training and extension; and results-based payments for REDD+ for financing sustainable landscape management.

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